Essay on Causes and Effects of Divorce - 620 Words

Causes and Effects of Divorce Relationships are all about give and take, and to maintain them people must be willing to do the work. Today dissolution of marriage is being used as the easy way out when couples can no longer agree. Although people tend to think carefully before they get marriage, the rate of divorce continuously rise nowadays. There are three main causes of divorce: lack of communication, financial problems, and infidelity, which are explained throughout this essay. The first significant cause for divorce is lack of communication. A marriage is on the rocks when the line of communication fails. Couples can’t have a good relationship if either spouse won’t discuss his or her feelings, can’t talk about his or her mutual or†¦show more content†¦The consequences are devastating and hard to recover. Divorce not only has a lot of complicated causes, but also has a wide range of effects. The effects of divorce differ by situation and personal circumstance and may be different for men, women or children. Couples facing a marriage break up usually cope with some emotions problems. For example: anger, sadness, anxiety, guilt, loneliness and low self esteem. Among estranged partners in marriage, these feelings are unavoidable during and after the process of divorce. Couples that are divorce are also saddled with added responsibilities and roles, particularly with regard to the care of children. Each parent has to be both father and mother to the children. Some mothers may even have to go to work to support their children. Financial loss is another effect of divorce. When all the resources have been divided in two and all the lawyer’s fees have been paid out, both parties are usually living lower standards of living than before. Furthermore, in any divorce it is the children wh o are most likely to be affected psychologically. It is usual for parents with marital problems to think more of their own feelings than of their children. They may have the interest of their children at heart, but the children are not to know this. All the children know is that something is terribly wrong, but they have no idea what it is. How children will take their parent’s divorce will depend on a variety of factors: how old the childrenShow MoreRelated The Causes And Effects Of Divorce Essay1245 Words   |  5 Pagesforever. This situation leads to the phenomenon called divorce, which unfortunately is becoming more common than ever before, and it is drastically bringing new effects in the lives of those individuals involved. Some causes for divorce vary from couple to couple, but the most frequent ones tend to be, change of women’s role in society, lack of communication, and lack of trust in the relationship. One significant cause that leads to divorce is the change in women’s roles. In the past, women dependedRead MoreCause and Effect Divorce Essay695 Words   |  3 PagesCriste Wise 5/17/2011 Cause and Effect Divorce People all around the world want to love and be loved. We search most our lives looking for the perfect spouse. When you think you’ve found the right one, and you’re ready to spend forever together they join as one in marriage. Nevertheless, some marriages fail and the two turn to divorce. There can be numerous reasons for a divorce. Here are three major causes: lack of communication, financial problems and cheating, which are listed below. TheRead MoreEssay on Cause and Effect of Divorce530 Words   |  3 PagesCause and Effect of Divorce â€Å"DIVORCE† – Just the sound of such word in any married couple or children’s ear can cause great agony that can even become terminal. Research and personal experience, has proven that in todays society, divorce is more common amongst newlyweds. Since 2009 the rate of divorce has increased to approximately forty percent, There are three out of every ten marriage that ends up in divorce before it reaches the stage of maturity, and the most prevalent results are – lackRead MoreEssay on The Causes and Effects of Divorce500 Words   |  2 Pages but some couples are unable to maintain their relationship, because they choose divorce as a solution to cope with the problems between husband and wife. Furthermore divorce is definitely on a rise. The effects of divorce can be detrimental to a family, but the causes of divorce can be just as bad. In this essay we will cover one of the main causes of divorce and one of the main effects. One of the main causes that marriages are not lasting is the change in the roles of woman today. Prior toRead More Cause and Effect Essay - Christianity Causes Divorce727 Words   |  3 PagesCause and Effect Essay - Christianity Causes Divorce â€Å"Bible Belt Couples ‘Put Asunder’ More,† the New York Times proclaimed on May 21 of this year: â€Å"The divorce rate in many parts of the Bible Belt is roughly 50% above the national average.† So much for the notion that secularism is to blame for the decline of traditional families, among other frequently lamented social ills. Apparently, in a least a few states, the divorce rate correlates to an excess of piety, not the absence of it. WhatRead MoreCauses of Divorce Essay886 Words   |  4 PagesCause and Effect of Divorce In today’s society, divorce is more the norm than ever before. Forty percent of all marriages end in divorce. Divorce defined by Webster is the action or an instance of legally dissolving a marriage. Divorce itself is both a cause and effect. There are many causes of divorce. Some of the causes happen more often than others. For instance, the most common causes of divorce are poor communication, financial problems such as lack of money, lack of commitment to marriageRead MoreDivorce808 Words   |  4 Pagestheir relationship so they choose to divorce, which is one of the solutions to cope with problems between a husband and wife. Most people claim to think carefully before they get married, but the divorce rates continue to increase. There are three main causes of divorce: the changing of a man and a woman s role, stress in modern living and the lack of communication between the married couple. The first significant cause of recent rise in the rates of divorce is that women completely change in rolesRead MoreDivorce And Its Effects On Children978 Words   |  4 PagesDivorce is a touchy subject for some people to discuss, although it is an issue that is occurring very often in people’s lives today. A divorce can affect everyone involved, including the children, unfortunately. Divorce and its effects set a bad example to children and their future lives as young adults, along with having life-long effects from the divorce because of things that they experienced during it. The different causes of a divorce have multiple effects on the children who are experiencingRead MoreThe Divorce Rate Of Divorce1123 Words   |  5 Pagesrelationship, therefore they choose divorce, which is one of the solutions to cope with problems between husband and wife. Furthermore, most people think carefully before they get marriage. However, the divorce rates trend to continually increase n owadays, thus it might be argued that divorces can be taken place easier than the past. In the United States, researchers estimate that 40%–50% of all first marriages, and 60% of second marriages, will end in divorce. Divorce has always been present in AmericanRead MoreDivorce And Its Effect On Children881 Words   |  4 PagesIn society today, divorce is more the custom than it has ever been before. There are countless causes for divorce as there are people who split-up. There are numerous dynamics that subsidize to divorce, such as financial issues, substance abuse by a partner, irresponsibility of one or both parties, sexual carelessness, the effortlessness of receiving a divorce, and several other reasons. Divorce is the result of a marriage that is confronted with complications that appear undefeatable, an incapability

An Impartial View of College Paper

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Leadership and Change Management for Groups- myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theLeadership and Change Management for Groups. Answer: Literature review: Change management: According to Hayes (2014), change management is an organized way to deal with progressing people, groups, and associations from a present state to a coveted future state, to satisfy or execute a dream and methodology. It is an authoritative procedure went for engaging representatives to acknowledge and grasp changes in their present condition. There are a few unique streams of belief, which have molded the act of change management. Change management is the formal procedure for hierarchical change, including an orderly approach and use of learning. Change management implies characterizing and receiving corporate methodologies, structures, systems, and innovations to manage change coming from inward and outside conditions. Change management is a basic piece of any venture that leads, oversees, and empowers individuals to acknowledge new procedures, advances, frameworks, structures, and qualities. It is the arrangement of exercises that enables individuals to progress from their present method for attempting to the coveted method for working. A change exertion or activity must begin with a dream. Regardless of whether change is incited by outer (political, monetary, social or technological) or interior variables (policy, frameworks or structure), making a dream will clear up the heading for the change. Moreover, the vision will help in rousing those that are affected to make a move the correct way (K. Vora, 2013). Leadership and change management: According to Burke (2017), leader implies somebody who has the leadership and power to control a gathering of individuals and get it sorted out for a specific assignment or objective. Leader has an unmistakable vision for the welfare of his association and improvement of his association. Administration is that nature of leader by which he drives the group or his gathering. Leadership has six essential identity qualities named as; self-assurance, aspiration, drive and perseverance, authenticity, mental transparency, craving for learning, inventiveness, decency and devotion. To include different individuals from group in basic leadership is additionally the piece of administration. Hornstein (2015) shows three establishment attributes for a man to be in an influential position in the advanced associations and they are of a designer, an instructor, and a steward. These three qualities help with illuminating mission, vision and qualities; distinguishing procedures, structure and strategies; creating productive learning forms; and encouraging subordinates to build up their mental model persistently and think methodically. For a compelling change, several researches have uncovered that charismatic leadership and trust in top administration both are essential. They are firmly related with change executing conduct, observing of anticipators, administration level, and division association. As indicated by Bolman Deal (2017), the leader, as a man, is the most critical device for change. The leader's soul, knowledge, insight, empathy, qualities, and learning aptitudes are immeasurably imperative features in the abilities to lead others to grasp change and upgrade. The leader who prompts change inside a firm is regularly subject to rough idea. It is the leaderships conduct that rolls out the improvement circumstances more compelling. Because of the present financial condition for fruitful authoritative improvement, the key characterized by Gollenia (2016) is epitomized in the administrative leaders' states of mind, and the equivalent considerations and sentiments imparted to the world, both inside and outsi de of their associations. Role of management in implementing change: According to Goetsch Davis (2014), management is responsible for distinguishing inclines in the full scale condition and additionally in the microenvironment in order to have the capacity to recognize changes and start programs. It is likewise essential to evaluate what affect a change will probably have on behavior of the employees, work forms, innovative necessities, and inspiration. Management must survey what employees responses will be and create a change program that will offer help as specialists experience the way toward accepting change. The program should then be actualized, spread all through the association, observed for adequacy, and balanced where essential. Associations exist inside a dynamic domain that is liable to change because of the effect of different change "triggers, for example, advancing technologies. To keep on operations adequately inside this natural turbulence, associations must have the capacity to change themselves because of inside and outside initia ted change. In any case, change will likewise affect upon the people inside the association. Viable change management requires a comprehension of the conceivable impacts of the changes upon individuals and the ways to oversee potential wellsprings of imperviousness to that change. Change can be said to happen where there is an imbalance between the present state and the environment. Lewinss change management model: The idea of change management is well-known in many associations today yet how they oversee change (and how fruitful they are) fluctuates massively relying upon the idea of the business, the change and the general population included. According to Gollenia (2016), associations that handle change well seem to flourish, while those that don't may battle to survive. A key piece of this relies upon how far individuals inside the association comprehend and manage the change management. One of the foundation models for understanding authoritative change was produced by Kurt Lewin in the 1950s, is as yet utilized today. His model is a simple and straightforward structure for overseeing change known as Unfreeze Change Refreeze. Lewin clarified hierarchical change utilizing the similarity of changing the state of a square of ice, i.e. unfreezing an expansive solid shape of ice to transform it and change it into a cone of ice. By perceiving these three unmistakable phases of progress, one ca n plan to actualize the change required. One begins by making the inspiration to change (unfreeze) as it is important to change existing mentalities towards working practices and set up the ground. Correspondence about the proposed change is important at this stage if individuals are to comprehend and bolster it. One travels through the change procedure by advancing successful correspondences and enabling individuals to grasp better approaches for working and learn new esteems, states of mind and practices. Issues are distinguished and activity designs are created to empower execution. Greatest adaptability is required in the arranging and execution of the change (Matos Marques Simoes, Esposito, 2014). The procedure closes when the association comes back to a feeling of steadiness (refreeze) and the advantages of the change are acknowledged, which is vital for making the certainty from which to leave on the next unavoidable change. Acclaim, rewards and other fortification by manage rs are required on an individual level and more successful execution at an authoritative level. Not until the point that the change has turned out to be consolidated into the way of life would it be able to be said to be solidified. Figure: Lewins Framework for change (Source: Hayes, 2014) Kotters change model: Kotter believed that it is essential to go through several steps in order to successfully implement changes within an organization. The first step involves creating a sense of urgency. According to him, for a change to be successful, more than 75 percent of the management of the company must feel the need and urgency of the change. The change must be implemented as soon as it is identified as any delay in implementing change might lead to losses and inefficiency of the organizations. The second step involves creating a guiding coalition. This step mentions that it is necessary to involve the organizational people in order to successfully implement the change because the senior management and executives can not alone implement the change. The senior authorities are required to guide the employees of the organization and help them to adapt with the changes. The third step involves developing a vision and strategy. It is necessary to develop a proper strategy and vision (Van der Voet, 2 014). The change manager is responsible for developing appropriate strategies that will guide the change process. They are required to involve all the key stakeholders in the change management process. The fourth step is conveying the change vision. It is very necessary to communicate the changes that are to be implemented within an organization that shall affect the key stakeholders. Change can not be implemented successfully by mere planning the change instead, it is necessary to convey the changes to the related stakeholders so that they can prepare themselves for the changes to be implemented within the organization. The fifth step involves empowering employees. In this step, the change is not only conveyed to the related stakeholders but also they are allowed to come up with their thoughts, fears and ideas regarding the change. It is essential to involve the people who shall be affected due to the changes so that there is no resistance and the change is implemented without any hurdles (Pollack Pollack, 2015). The sixth step involves generating short- term wins. Maintaining momentum is essential for the successful implementation of change. Short- term wins is one of the strategies that help in the successful implementation of changes by achieving early success. The seventh step involves consolidating gains. In this step the short- term wins shall have a positive impact on the related people and they shall be encouraged to further implement the change in order to obtain long- term gains. The eighth step involves anchoring new approaches in the culture (Fullan, 2014). The organizations must be constantly involved in developing new approaches that help in the organizational development because the approaches that have been successful in the past might not be successful in the future. Therefore, the organizations must be creative and innovative and come up with a new approach when the previous approaches seem to be of no use. Change management in Nestle: Nestle is a Swiss multinational company that is involved in production of transnational food and drink. The company produces dairy products, confectionaries, coffee, tea, snacks and several other food and drinks items. The company is ranked among the top 100 companies in the world (https://www.nestle.com/). However, the company faced several issues in its pyramidal model that required several changes. Several changes were required to be implemented in the organizational structure in order to keep it functioning effectively. The company moved towards becoming a non-pyramidal association that empowers a system culture implied that Nestl needed to decrease its various hierarchical levels. In 2002, the company began to survey its overall association, with the motivation behind building a coordinated and adaptable authoritative structure, while keeping up its development. Inspiring administration Nestle needed to change the way directors wanted commitments from their staff. Obviously, in the event that they needed greater arrangement, knowledge, collaboration, and activity, it would need to begin with an adjustment in the way supervisors drove their kin. Two projects were created to address this issue: The Nestle Leadership Program and the Develop People activity (https://www.nestle.com/). According to the Nestle Leadership Program, the company needed both leaders and managers. Nestle built up this program around four principle convictions. In a progressive association authority change should begin with the top line. Authority abilities could be enhanced just if chiefs acknowledged that they could enhance and in this way it should have been a self-advancement program, not an appraisal apparatus. Both direct administration inclusion and any connection with pay were disposed of. Thusly, it must be keep running with an outside association, generally administrators may not concede that they can make strides. Besides, they could feel that their conceivable shortcomings would not conflict with them as far as reward. The program ought to be founded on real criticism from every administrator's associates that involved companions, bosses and subordinates. This input, additionally gathered by the outside association and incorporated the individual himself/herself, was the most imperative piece of the program. Results were given to the administrators by proficient mentors and full privacy was guaranteed. Around 450 administrators went to in the vicinity of 2003 and 2006. Besides, Nestle broadened the program and moved it out to another 4,000 center supervisors beginning mid 2006 (https://www.nestle.com/). Nestle utilized a similar association to convey this decentralized program. It had a universal system with three focuses: Singapore, Miami and London. Extraordinary care was taken to guarantee that the decentralized program had an indistinguishable attributes from the best line program and that it was of a similar quality. In 2006 alone somewhere in the range of 1,200 members went to at a cost of about $25 million (https://www.nestle.com/). The Leadership Program did a ton to advance "Nestle on the Move" amid the program. Top officials were as one with the more youthful era, which extraordinarily helped the difference in mindset. This change helped in the further development of the organization. References: Bolman, L. G., Deal, T. E. (2017).Reframing organizations: Artistry, choice, and leadership. John Wiley Sons. Burke, W. W. (2017).Organization change: Theory and practice. Sage Publications. Cameron, E., Green, M. (2015).Making sense of change management: A complete guide to the models, tools and techniques of organizational change. Kogan Page Publishers. Fullan, M. (2014).Leading in a culture of change personal action guide and workbook. John Wiley Sons. Goetsch, D. L., Davis, S. B. (2014).Quality management for organizational excellence. Upper Saddle River, NJ: pearson. Gollenia, L. A. (2016).Business transformation management methodology. Routledge. Hayes, J. (2014).The theory and practice of change management. Palgrave Macmillan. Hornstein, H. A. (2015). The integration of project management and organizational change management is now a necessity.International Journal of Project Management,33(2), 291-298. Vora, M. (2013). Business excellence through sustainable change management.The TQM Journal,25(6), 625-640. Matos Marques Simoes, P., Esposito, M. (2014). Improving change management: How communication nature influences resistance to change.Journal of Management Development,33(4), 324-341. Nestle.com. Retrieved 18 August 2017, from https://www.nestle.com/ Pollack, J., Pollack, R. (2015). Using Kotters eight stage process to manage an organisational change program: Presentation and practice.Systemic Practice and Action Research,28(1), 51-66. Van der Voet, J. (2014). The effectiveness and specificity of change management in a public organization: Transformational leadership and a bureaucratic organizational structure.European Management Journal,32(3), 373-382.

To what extent is Paradise Lost a gothic text Essay Example

To what extent is Paradise Lost a gothic text? Essay If taken at face value, John Miltons poem seems have the purpose of showing religious enlightenment. Milton states in the opening lines, his poem is inspired by a muse and that it attempts to soar above the Aeonian Mount. The references to aeonian mount, that the poem will spiritually soars beyond that of the Greek mythology and thus he will show that Christianity is the true religion; The notion that, Milton is a devout Christian trying to give a religious account is emphasised through references to religious places such as on the secret top of Oreb and Sinai didst inspire the Shepard. This is not only because it seems to imitate the bible but also could be interpreted as Milton suggesting he is being inspired like the Shepard. Milton ends the first verse by stating he will justify the ways of god to men, again implying the poem will be giving almost a religious insight. On the other hand, the text could be interpreted as being a gothic text and in fact, whilst Milton states he is justifying the ways of god to men, could be said to be concerned with justifying the ways of men, and to a degree Satan. If this is the case, then the poem becomes could be called gothic as becomes interested in characters who have been outcast, and their emotions and motivations. This meets two definitions of the gothic which are the gothic is concerned with the breaking down of social moral codes and that is the supernatural combined with the ordinary. Whilst the characters are in a supernatural setting, the audience can still relate to them. We will write a custom essay sample on To what extent is Paradise Lost a gothic text? specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on To what extent is Paradise Lost a gothic text? specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on To what extent is Paradise Lost a gothic text? specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The idea that the breaking of social and normal moral codes is an important part of the poem is conveyed in the first line of the poem is of mans first disobedience and the fruit/ of that forbidden tree. In addition, it is created through contrasting imagery of heaven. Imagery of hell as being chaotic, compared heaven as being an ordered society. For example, heaven is described as being under the monarchy of God and being a glorious enterprise; God is, heavens matchless king. On the other hand, Satan and the other angels are described as being rebel angels; Satan states that to do ought good will never be our task, as being being to the contrary to his high will whom we will resist . Satans actions seem and he even describes them as perverse. Hell itself seems to be a place of chaos and disorder; Milton describes it is as bottomless perdition a seat of desolation void of light. The imagery of combustion and flames reiterates a sense of turbulence, in contrast the idea of God as a matchless king makes him see like a rightful ruler. Thus on one level it can be said that Milton is portraying Satan and hell in a negative way. However, what makes Satan an interesting character and the text seem gothic is that there is an underlying sense that the text is justifying Satans instinct to rebel. This impression is giving because Satan has admirable qualities; He is arguably a gothic hero..For example, Satan speaks to Beelzebub though in pain, vaunting aloud, but racked with deep despair. In addition, his eyes are described as sparkling. These show that Satan despite his pain shows his strength of will and indicates courage which portrays him in a positive light. In addition, there is a sense that we can empathise with Satans questions. Satan implies that whilst he was in happy realms of heaven, clothed with transcendent brightness that hed rather reign in hell than serve in hell; The instinct to rebel and question is one that the reader can empathise with.Especially as in contrast, no insight is giving in to God even though the poem is meant to be justifying his ways meaning a lot more empathy lies with Satan. There is a sense that though heaven is there is something oppressing about heaven, and something unfair about the way God reigns. For example God is described as he with his thunder, making him sound like a tyrant. God arguably is even portrayed as cruel; For example Satan states that they( the rebel angels) are condemned to heaven to suffice [gods] vengeful ire ;God is subjecting Satan to unnecessary pain. Overall, it be said that the definition that the gothic the supernatural intertwined with ordinary, is accurate in this poem as, the themes of humans desire to rebel is a common theme people can identify with and goes back to Adam and eve, yet the poem is set in a supernatural setting. Infact the poem can be seen as a poem as very specific to what Milton was experiencing and thus even more ordinary as it was people could directly relate to. At the time, in which this was written in, parliament was in civil war against Charles the 1st. Arguably, through the language, it can be interpreted Satan and the angels represent parliament, whilst God represents monarchy. Thus, the poem fits even more so the criteria of ordinary intertwined with the supernatural. This impression is giving through hell as a bottomless perdition with adamantine chains and penal fire. Here the idea of adamantine, conjures the image of the dungeons of the time; Imagery of darkness and a bottomless pit. References to God as heavens matchless king and his throne instantly conjure up images of monarchy. Another characteristic of the gothic genre is that gothic texts convey a sense of terror and fear. As stated part of the interest in Satans character is sense of empathy and sympathy for his fall. A gothic hero usually undergoes terror and suffering, usually both physical and psychological. In the poem, Milton uses imagery of hell to convey a sense of terror; Satan is physically punished for defying god; Satan describes himself left to strongly to suffer to support our pains. Furthermore he is described as being chained on to a burning lake. Imagery such as the angels chasing the fallen angels out of heaven as being a sulphurous hail shooting after them in a storm again reiterates a sense of turmoil and terror. In another sense, a sense of psychological terror is also conveyed. Hell could also be used to described as hell in the psychological sense, and the imagery of chaos, fire suffering is a metaphor for the turmoil and chaos in Satans mind; this is one of the characteristics of a gothic hero which engages the readers curiosity. This sense is reiterated when Satan describes that the mind is its own place, and in itself can make a heaven of hell, and a hell of heaven.

Age at immigration and second language proficiency among foreign

Age at immigration and second language proficiency among foreign Introduction An experiment is carried out to determine the viability of age as an influential factor in second language learning. The experiment also aims to understand the aptitude of the English language among foreign-born adults in the United States. The author uses data collected from the U.S census bureau to assert his argument that age is indeed a potent entity that predisposes the acquisition of English as a second language.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Age at immigration and second language proficiency among foreign-born adults by Gillian Stevens specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More However, the author attributes the level of proficiency in the second language to social and demographic factors such as exposure, education and the duration of residence in the United States. In using historical census data, the author is able to access a wide range of research material and supportive information to reinforce his hypothesis. Census data is acquired through the archives and the author has no personal contact with his subjects. Subjects A sample population of foreign-born Chinese, Spanish and French native speakers with a minimum of ten years residency in the United States was selected (Gillian 555). Their ability to speak English was the dependant variable in the experiment and this ability was grade in three categories of ‘Good†, â€Å"Poor† and â€Å"Fair† (Gillian 555- 578). Details of Experiment method and procedure The information pertaining to the research was obtained from data collected during the 1991 national census conducted in the United States (Gillian 555). Three census questions on language attributes were used to effectively allocate the grades to each of the responses given during the census. The streaming questions were, â€Å"Which was your former country of residence? Is it your birth country?†, â€Å"At what age did you immigrate to Ame rica?-how old are you now?† and â€Å"what is your primary or first language (L1)?† (Gillian 559). These streaming questions allowed the author to identify native speakers of any non English language even though they were reported to use English as the only spoken language during the census. The author points out that, other researchers have had great difficulty when attempting to classify non-native English language speakers in census or survey data due to that fact that researchers assume that all immigrants born in selected countries learned a particular majority-based language in childhood (Gillian 561). The author used regression models which reconcile assumptions of linearity and parametric curve appropriation even though the initial step up was measured as trivial (Gillian 561-562). The author took precaution to exclude immigrants who speak only English due to the possibility that they might be fluent in English (Gillian 560). The degree in which the analysis sam ple was abridged increased with the age of the immigrants to determine the impact of residency on the proficiency and application of the English language (Gillian 564). The author proceeded to search for discontinuities in the deterioration of English proficiency on the age at immigration with the variable ranging from the ages of 15 to25 years (Gillian 566).Advertising Looking for report on linguistics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Summary of findings The author conclusively deduced that immigrants who speak English only and their fellow citizens who speak both English and a minority language have an average age at immigration and also have a comparable educational background (Gillian 568). The exclusion of immigrants who spoke only English during the time of the census therefore helped accentuate the findings that identified age to be inversely proportional to the proficiency in English among adult immigrants (G illian 568). The analysis sample population used was therefore in actual fact truncated with the dependent variable being their proficiency in English. In addition, the predetermined 10-year range engulfing the probable age of immigration for approximately all of the respondents effectively therein marginalized the occurrence of divergence to the overall curve (Gillian 572). Additionally, the author’s analytical scope is founded on the implicit assumptions that the dependent variable is deliberated at the hiatus point which is primarily predisposed to age and the assumption that second-language learning is more or less likely to be complete within 10 years depending on the exposure and academic achievements (Gillian 573). These assumptions are unequivocal due to the fact that these actualities are not outweighed by the statistically dependent discontinuities accounted for in the regression English proficiency on age of immigrants (Gillian 573). Furthermore the author revealed that Immigrants with a non-English first language are more prone to using English as the primary language as they continue to take residence in the United States. The duration of residence is apparently positively correlated with age amongst mature immigrants (Gillian 574). The author revealed that the discontinuities in the deterioration of English proficiency on the age at immigration were of considerable importance on a statistical scale. The effects were substantially significant although the small increments to the amount of explained variance were considered to be inconsistent (Gillian 575-576). The author’s findings provided support for the overall relationship between migration and English proficiency as positively correlated, and his approach attributes a high percentage of the association to the linear relationship and consequently there is a limit to the amount of additional discrepancy that can be elucidated by discontinuities (Gillian 578).Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Age at immigration and second language proficiency among foreign-born adults by Gillian Stevens specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Gillian, Stevens. â€Å"Age at immigration and second language proficiency among foreign-born adults.† Language in Society Journal, No. 28 (1999): pp 555-578. Print.

Any vs. Either

Any vs. Either Any vs. Either Any vs. Either By Maeve Maddox I just did a double-take when reading an article about creating passport photos using Photoshop Elements and another application. Heres what threw me: If you have any of these two applications, then you can follow this simple do-it-yourself project any of these two applications Horrors! In speaking of two applications, the word either is called for: If you have either of these two applications. If, however, one is talking about three or more applications, one may say: If you have any of the photo editing applications available these days, you can. NOTE: either = one or the other; from OE hwaether, each of two any = one indifferently out of more than two The negative of either is neither. Here are some quotations from the press: the poor and the unwanted, with people very much like my mother.My mother needed neither my pity nor my shame. Just my compassion and respect. (www.nytimes.com) on trade and immigration - is taking root within his adopted party, and those uneasy with grievance politics are either giving in or giving up the fight. (www.nytimes.com) Hearty and nutritious, but still buttery and rich, these unfussy pancakes come together quickly and without any special equipment. (www.nytimes.com) Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Misused Words category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:50 Synonyms for â€Å"Leader†Homogeneous vs. Heterogeneous75 Synonyms for â€Å"Hard†

Explaining the reasons for income inequality in the US Research Paper

Explaining the reasons for income inequality in the US - Research Paper Example The causes of the increasing levels of income gaps and inequalities in the United States of America, which is one of the largest and most developed nations in the world has been a topic which is subject to a number of extensive researches, political interests and media attentions because this aspect involves how the income of the nation is divided among the people of the country and thus, is a primary factor involved in the development of economic consistency and stability of a country. Therefore, the topic of identifying and analyzing the main reasons which are driving the exponential growth of the inequalities in the financial and economic positions of the rich and the poor classes of the society has become an interesting area of study and research. This research is aimed at identifying and analyzing the primary and secondary reasons that have caused the high level of income inequalities in the United States of America. For this purpose, the macro economic backgrounds of the company as well as the different sources of income among the rich and the poor classes of the American society are studied in depth. Additionally, the main drivers of the income inequalities in the society and economy of the United States are identified so as to understand how these income gaps can be reduced in the future by the government of the United States of America and the various other governing authorities and institutions functioning in the country. Thus, the main research question formulated for the study is given as follows As per the work of Galbraith and Hale (2008), income inequality refers to the degree to which income within a population is distributed in a disproportionate and uneven manner. Income inequality can also be described as the gap between the income of the rich and the poor classes of people within a society or a nation (Galbraith and Hale, 2008, p.344). Duncan and Murnane

Doing gender Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Doing gender - Essay Example We understand in this it is not so much an achievement. Also gender can be achieved only till the very early years after which it becomes static and unchangeable. The second term ‘constructed’ is perhaps of most importance to both anthropologists and social scientists who constantly lay bare the various apparatus working within a societal unit, be it a family, a state or a community which defines behaviour codes pertinent to a certain gender and anomalous to another. In this paper we shall take up the character of Monica Geller from the sitcom that gave television a trailblazer Friends and see how gender is constructed everyday through actions, through pre-conceived notions and through popular belief. The T.V show Friends had been on air from September 22, 1994 to May 6, 2004. During the course of which we saw the development and bonding of six friends Chandler Bing, Rachel Green, Phoebe Buffay, Monica Geller, Ross Geller and Joey Tribbiani. For a better understanding of the issue we shall deal in it becomes imperative to discuss in a nutshell the kind of relationship that the six friends share. Monica Geller and Ross Geller are siblings, Monica being the younger, Rachel is her high school friend who was dated by many guys unlike her. Ross too had a crush on Rachel in those days. Ross and Chandler are friends from college. Chandler who lives across the hall from Monica shares his apartment with an aspiring television actor Joey Tribbiani. Phoebe we learn later had been Monica’s roommate who had moved out but remained friends. From the very first episode Monica appears to be unlike her delicate form. Her personality exudes an aura of extreme strength. Her nature is extremely over powering and she’s used to getting her way in everything. She seems to be weather-beaten in that she knows the world more than her friend Rachel Green who in the pilot episode comes out as someone to whom the only way of not depending on the parents was by get ting married. This very idea accorded to Rachel is also gender specific. Even though we laugh at the momentary humour, it is in fact a gender construction that pretty women(or for that matter women in general) can spend their lives without having to earn their bread by depending on the patriarchy which primarily constitutes of the father and later the husband. That Rachel had been moulded into such an idea is also a form of interpellation by the society. That she finds nothing wrong with it her acceptance of her gender role as daughter and wife (in both cases dependant) is her way of accepting a concept of gender which is simply constructed. In contrast Monica who is said to be bossy and competitive is portrayed as a type which in the later seasons would verge on tomboyishness and trace back its roots to her obesity in her school years and the second-shot treatment she always received from her parents who would be too busy doting on their first born Ross. This preference of the male child over the female child is the most obvious kind of gender differentiation. But that Monica decides to fight back instead of accepting her place as the ‘second’

Building energy management system (bems) Essay Example for Free

Building energy management system (bems) Essay Procurement Category: Energy What’s Wrong with Traditional Energy Management? Start Realizing Untapped Savings Opportunities and Tame Volatile Energy Costs Traditional Energy Management Approaches are Falling Short— How to Fix the Problem Energy utility costs—primarily natural gas and electricity—account for one to two percent of sales for the average business, and can be as much as four to five percent of cost of goods sold for manufacturers. With energy prices turning volatile, corporate management teams are exposed to the risk of unanticipated movements in energy costs. They are feeling relatively helpless because of the perceived inability to proactively manage regulated energy costs. At the same time, firms are publicly committing to sustainability goals and are now wondering how they will achieve them. Although many firms have implemented short-term measures to address energy costs and sustainability commitments, these efforts are falling short. Our benchmark data and research indicates that for most firms, 50 percent of their initial energy savings disappear within the first six to 12 months due to a lack of continuous monitoring, analysis and corrective action. However, significant opportunity to deliver value remains. Analysis from the U.S. Department of Energy indicates firms that embrace continuous monitoring and active energy management practices can achieve 15 to 40 percent energy savings. Conduct an energy audit: To establish an energy consumption baseline—a basic requirement for successful energy cost optimization— firms deploy monitoring devices to measure energy usage from the facility level down to the machine level. Implement audit recommendations: After assessing energy consumption levels and trends down to the machine level, managers can implement process changes to optimize energy consumption. Actions may range from policy formulation (shutting down computers at night, turning off idle equipment, etc.) to automation (automatically turning off lights) to equipment optimization (changing set-points on heavy machinery and equipment). Invest in high-efficiency equipment: With a full view of the energy consumption and equipment efficiency profile of the enterprise, firms can strategically invest in high-efficiency equipment. These capital upgrades can lower energy consumption and may also qualify for rebates and incentives that can significantly enhance potential return on investment (ROI). Figure 1: This paper looks at why traditional approaches are failing, and outlines an active energy management approach that changes the game and generates sustainable energy cost reductions. Typical Monitoring Savings Typical energy management strategies—and why they fail to deliver sustainable value. For example, when firms conduct energy audits, employees and equipment operators are aware that their energy usage is being monitored and they make changes to reduce consumption, such as turning off idle equipment. But when monitors are removed, initial savings peak and then slowly erode as employee behavior returns to normal. Similarly, when firms implement process changes, substantial initial savings accrue. However, when the monitors come off, gains decline as equipment schedules change. Operators go back to the old way of doing things and set-points revert to old levels. In addition, without detailed machine-level consumption data as a baseline (as opposed to a point-in-time snapshot), analysts are unable to come up with truly optimal process improvements because the data is not granular enough. Finally, with capital equipment upgrades, savings targets are seldom realized due to unrealistic operating assumptions used to build ROI cases and most firms’ lack of market intelligence about the complex array of incentives and rebates. 50% Savings A review of more than 100 companies and their practices reveal that most firms take three common actions to address the energy management challenge: Although these traditional energy management techniques can yield quick-hit results, there is a common pitfall: when the meters come off, it is back to business as usual and the savings disappear. â€Å"50 percent of initial energy savings disappear within the first six to 12 months due to a lack of continuous monitoring, analysis and corrective action† Months from start 2 A four-step Active Energy Management approach Recognizing where most initiatives fall short, an integrated, four-part Active Energy Management strategy can stop the bleeding and address traditional energy management shortcomings: There are several keys to making energy savings persistent. First, take monitoring and measurement from a one-time analysis to an ongoing, active competency. Leading firms use 247 advanced metering and monitoring technology with skilled analysts to proactively monitor energy consumption data and patterns. Continuous monitoring helps mitigate the savings leakage described earlier. Active monitoring allows managers to see—in near realtime—if employee behavior is beginning to change or old habits are starting to return, and identify the root causes when actual energy consumption differs from projections. In addition to preventing savings leakage, active monitoring helps identify new, incremental energy savings opportunities, ra ising the cumulative savings realized. Copyright  © 2014 Accenture All rights reserved. Go deeper: Use machine-level consumption data to drive sustainable process optimization. With a detailed understanding of energy consumption down to the individual equipment level, managers can implement detailed process optimization programs, such as changing set-points for heavy machinery. For example, an air compressor energy consumption study (see figure 2) revealed an opportunity to adjust the operating mode from continuous to throttled, resulting in 7 percent energy savings verified by ongoing measurement. In another example, adjusting improper temperature set-points in a chiller plant based on thorough analysis of usage data resulted in 30 percent energy savings. With the right intelligence and detailed monitoring, energy analysts can assess performance and immediately stop energy savings leakage. Analysts also can spot potential maintenance issues and proactively investigate when machinelevel performance deviates from expectations. Figure 2: 250 Baseline Model Target Model Baseline Data Actual Data 200 Air Compressor (kw) Get persistent: Apply â€Å"Active Energy Management† and take monitoring from a onetime activity to an active, ongoing analytical competency. 150 100 50 0 0 20 40 60 80 Air Demand (SCFM) based on Actual Production 100 3 Leverage insight: Use energy demand insight to enhance capital investment decisions and capture incentives and rebates to drive higher ROI. A comprehensive understanding of the consumption profile of the existing asset base enables much better capital investment decisions. Armed with detailed data and realistic energy consumption estimates, managers can rationally weigh the benefits of energy-efficient new equipment versus their purchase costs and other related expenses (decommissioning and disposal cost, production downtime, etc.). Beyond energy data, deep market intelligence of credits, incentives, and local, state and federal rebates can dramatically alter the ROI pr ofile of new capital investments. The opportunities are substantial: In 2011 alone, governments, nongovernmental organizations and utilities distributed more than $6.8 billion in cash payments to promote energy efficiency initiatives. Tackle the supply side: Extend Active Energy Management to integrated energy supply and demand management to drive the next level of savings. As this paper describes, current energy management practices are not delivering on their promises. The short-term benefits of energy audits and near-term recommendations quickly fade without continuous monitoring. On the other hand, Active Energy Management, which includes continuous monitoring and analysis, prevents the traditional savings leakage seen in most energy management programs. It also provides the data and insight that analysts and managers need to identify new savings opportunities and drive continuous improvement and cumulative energy savings benefits. With an established platform of ongoing measurement and management, firms can take energy savings to the next level. Detailed understanding of historical and planned consumption allows for acceleration of supply side strategies. For example, in deregulated markets, the accuracy with which a firm can predict its energy usage determines its ability to secure favorable energy rates by minimizing bandwidth charges. Energy consumers can also capture other savings through techniques like load shifting (shifting usage into lower-rate time periods) and peak shaving. Finally, in regulated markets, contrary to popular belief, firms can optimize their energy expenditures by taking advantage of the various rate structures available to purchasers and being aware of which available rates may be applicable to them. Conclusion Energy and utilities represent a significant and highly volatile area of expenditure for most businesses. However, traditional energy management approaches frequently fail to deliver sustainable results. Many managers consider high energy spend as an area that cannot be addressed due to market regulations and commodity volatility. However, with continuous monitoring and Active Energy Management programs, leading firms can obtain substantial energy cost savings through better energy demand management, sustain those savings through ongoing monitoring and optimize energy purchases with deep market intelligence.

General Electrics Quality Gamble Essay -- GCSE Business Six Sigma Cou

General Electric's Quality Gamble The Implementation of Six Sigma General Electric (GE) is among the most profitable companies and, according to Fortune magazine, the most admired. It stock is the most highly valued in the world. Some critics would argue, if it's not broke, why fix it? Jack Welch, CEO of GE, believes in the "infinite capacity to improve everything." Why does a company that has experienced so much success recently invests over a billion dollars in a quality initiative? Increased competition has GE adopting the attitude that businesses that stand still become obsolete as businesses that continue to grow pass them by. Also by implementing Six Sigma, GE is preparing itself for future profitability opportunities. Finally, research indicated a need for improvement in the way GE does business. GE had been straining for years to increase operating margin and six sigma is a way to do that. What is Six Sigma? Six sigma, the mother of all quality efforts, can mean different things to different organizations. The Six Sigma Academy defines it as tactics and tools to improve profitability through focusing on improving the sigma capability of an organization's processes. GE defines six sigma as first as a management philosophy; a never ending to competitive leadership by satisfying customer requirements profitability. Second they define it as a measurement system; a measure of a processes inherent ability to meet customer requirements. In general six sigma is a statistical non-financial performance measurement at which you should design, operate, and control every process in your company in such a way that none of yield more than 3.4 defects per million units of output. Six Sigma is a tool that measures in a clear, accurate, mathematical terms how good or bad their quality levels are, how much they can improve, and what progress they are making along the journey. On a global perspective, companies that have not begun their quality journey are around one or two sigma. The worldwide average is around three sigma. The majority of the companies utilizing six sigma in India are at a low two sigma. An average domestic company is at three sigma, while a good company is at three and a half. Today GE is around three and a half with goals of reaching six sigma by the year 2000. Companies operating at three to four sigma lo... ...reduced cycle times, increased productivity, improved capacity and output, decreased work-in-progress, and improved process flow. Companies operating at 3 to 4 sigma generally loses up to 10-15% of their total revenue due to defects, on the contrast a company that operates at 6 sigma generally loses less than 10%. Six Sigma stars Motorola has reported savings of $2 billion over 10 years of implementation while GE shaved off 750 million of cost in 1998. In 1999, GE has projected a 1.5 billion in savings due to Six Sigma, and if they reach their goal of six sigma in the year 2000 they will add between 8 to 12 added to the bottom line. In conclusion, GE has decided to ride Six Sigma into the next century. The year 2000 is the deadline for reaching Six Sigma, which is also around the time its CEO Jack Welch plans to retire. If GE's quality gamble pays off, Jack Welch will go out a winner, leaving behind his most admired company on top. Reference "The Enigma of Six Sigma." (1999, May). Business Today. Online Romeo, Mary. Six Sigma Quality. GE Capital FMP Conference, Stamford, 1999. Curran, John. "GE CAPITAL: JACK WELCH'S SECRET WEAPON." Fortune July 1999.

Multi Agency and Intergrated Working

Multi-agency working and integrated working are extremely important as it benefits the child, their family and the practitioners in a huge way. Definitions of these ways of working are below. Multi-agency Working – This is where practitioners from different services and professions come together to provide integrated support for children and families with additional needs. Integrated Working – this is where different services, agencies, professional and practitioners work together to put the child at the centre to help improve their lives and met their needs and offer effective care for the child. Integrated working and multi-agency working delivers better outcomes for the children and families as there is a broad range of knowledge, skills and professions all trying to do their best for the child. More ideas and opinions and record sharing will allow us to achieve the best possible outcomes for the child. To make sure the outcomes for the child are to be positive we must make sure that all parties understand what information can be shared and about the importance of confidentiality. External agencies There are many external agencies that we may meet that are brought in to support a child and their family. Some may work in their own setting and some are integrated into children centre and schools. Below is a list of some of these agencies and a brief description of their roles. Speech and Language Therapists – are employed by the local primary care trust and support individual children and their families. A referral can be made by a gp/health visitor and an awareness raised by a setting. They will work closely with the family and the setting. Educational psychologists – are employed by the local authority and will give support to children with specific learning or psychological needs. They require a referral from the setting. Physiotherapist – are employed by the local primary care trust and will support children with a specific physical need. A referral is required either from a health professional or a setting. Play specialist – May work with social services supporting children in difficult a family situation or can support children in a hospital setting. Behavioural support service – are part of the local authority and works in partnership with schools to help promote positive behaviour. They work within a framework of inclusion and also provide effective support to pupil, parents and schools where behaviour is a concern and may effect the child’s achievement. Social workers – employed by social services and may also be attached to a children’s centre, they will support children and their families to help family issues involving health need, poverty, bereavement etc. and also help to improve their housing. Common barriers to multi-agency working and integrated working There are many common barriers to multi-agency working and integrated working, these barriers will affect the outcome to the child. Some of the common barriers are explained below. Professional status and professional pride – this is where people who are highly trained/qualified, find it hard to cope with being managed/lead by a person with different/lower qualifications. Different professional priorities – all professionals deal with risks, situations and priorities in different ways and orders they may not agree with others. Language and terminology – all professionals use words, phrases and abbreviations that relate to their area of expertise and other professionals who work in different areas/specialities will not understand these. Poor communication skills – information may not be shared by all, poor methods of communication and people not receiving information/communication is a big issue. For example if information is shared by email and two workers don’t have email they will not receive the information. It is important to remove these barriers from the start before they become an issue and affect the outcome. The key to this is to put in place a lead professional. This person would co-ordinate communication, they will act as the point of contact for the child and family. The lead professional will need to set rules and discuss things such as people preferred method of communication as we are not all the same and the lead professional must make sure they use each persons preferred method. The lead professional must also ensure that all people have a copy of the rules and ensure that if any jargon/terminology is used it is first explained to the group, all these things will help prevent barriers and ensure a good outcome for the child and their family. Referrals between agencies Within the setting it may become necessary to refer a child to another professional for additional support, for example if it has been noticed that a child of 3 is having issues which speech that he cannot say many words and the ones that are said are not clear, then the child would benefit from support from speech and language therapist then a referral is needed the setting would follow the steps below to make the referral.First of speak with the parent/carer/child about the issue and gain consent to make the referral.Next you would need to identify the service/agency who you want to refer to.Then you would need to contact the agency and discuss the situation before making the referral. We do this to make sure the agency can offer the most suitable service/support that is needed.Next follow the agency’s referral procedure completing all necessary paperwork and return by referral deadline if required. Always keep a copy of the referral.Follow up the referral and find out the d ecision. Common Assessment FrameworkIn the Children Act 2004 and Every Child Matters it is outlined that the Common Assessment Framework (CAF) is a way ensuring early intervention for a child before they reach a crisis point. CAF is a shared assessment and planning framework in all areas of England and Northern Ireland to be used by all practitioners working in children’s services. The main aim of CAF is to make sure that a child’s additional need is identified early and to ensure that agencies work together to meet the additional needs of the child. The CAF consist of four main partsA pre-assessment checklist to help decide who would benefit from a common assessment.A process to enable practitioners in the children and young people’s workforce to undertake a common assessment and then act on the result.A standard form to record the assessment.A delivery plan and review form. The assessment covers three domains: development of the child or young person; parents and carers; and family and environment.The CAF can be used on children from 0 to 19 years and also 19 to 24 years where necessary, and any professional, parent or even child can request that a CAF is undertaken. As with a normal referral you need consent to do a CAF either from the parent, carer or the child. There are four main stages in completing a common assessment  Identifying needs early.Assessing those needs.Delivering integrated services.Reviewing progress I have completed a mock CAF form (enclosed) to show how the form is to be completed.

Deception Point Page 6

As the PaveHawk settled onto the runway beside the President's plane, Rachel now understood the references to Air Force One being the commander-in-chief's â€Å"portable home court advantage.† The machine was an intimidating sight. When the President flew to other countries to meet heads of state, he often requested – for security purposes – that the meeting take place on the runway aboard his jet. Although some of the motives were security, certainly another incentive was to gain a negotiating edge through raw intimidation. A visit to Air Force One was far more intimidating than any trip to the White House. The six-foot-high letters along the fuselage trumpeted â€Å"UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.† A female English cabinet member had once accused President Nixon of â€Å"waving his manhood in her face† when he asked her to join him aboard Air Force One. Later the crew jokingly nicknamed the plane â€Å"Big Dick.† â€Å"Ms. Sexton?† A blazer-clad Secret Serviceman materialized outside the chopper and opened the door for her. â€Å"The President is waiting for you.† Rachel got out of the chopper and gazed up the steep gangway at the bulging hull. Into the flying phallus. She had once heard the flying â€Å"Oval Office† had over four thousand square feet of interior floor space, including four separate private sleeping quarters, berths for a twenty-six-member flight crew, and two galleys capable of providing food for fifty people. Climbing the stairway, Rachel felt the Secret Serviceman on her heels, urging her upward. High above, the cabin door stood open like a tiny puncture wound on the side of a gargantuan silver whale. She moved toward the darkened entryway and felt her confidence starting to ebb. Easy, Rachel. It's just a plane. On the landing, the Secret Serviceman politely took her arm and guided her into a surprisingly narrow corridor. They turned right, walked a short distance, and emerged into a luxurious and spacious cabin. Rachel immediately recognized it from photographs. â€Å"Wait here,† the serviceman said, and he disappeared. Rachel stood alone in Air Force One's famous wood-paneled fore cabin. This was the room used for meetings, entertaining dignitaries, and, apparently, for scaring the hell out of first-time passengers. The room spanned the entire width of the plane, as did its thick tan carpeting. The furnishings were impeccable – cordovan leather armchairs around a bird's-eye maple meeting table, burnished brass floor lamps beside a continental sofa, and hand-etched crystal glassware on a mahogany wet bar. Supposedly, Boeing designers had carefully laid out this fore cabin to provide passengers with â€Å"a sense of order mixed with tranquility.† Tranquility, however, was the last thing Rachel Sexton was feeling at the moment. The only thing she could think of was the number of world leaders who had sat in this very room and made decisions that shaped the world. Everything about this room said power, from the faint aroma of fine pipe tobacco to the ubiquitous presidential seal. The eagle clasping the arrows and olive branches was embroidered on throw pillows, carved into the ice bucket, and even printed on the cork coasters on the bar. Rachel picked up a coaster and examined it. â€Å"Stealing souvenirs already?† a deep voice asked behind her. Startled, Rachel wheeled, dropping the coaster on the floor. She knelt awkwardly to retrieve it. As she grasped the coaster, she turned to see the President of the United States gazing down at her with an amused grin. â€Å"I'm not royalty, Ms. Sexton. There's really no need to kneel.† 7 Senator Sedgewick Sexton savored the privacy of his Lincoln stretch limousine as it snaked through Washington's morning traffic toward his office. Across from him, Gabrielle Ashe, his twenty-four-year-old personal assistant, read him his daily schedule. Sexton was barely listening. I love Washington, he thought, admiring the assistant's perfect shape beneath her cashmere sweater. Power is the greatest aphrodisiac of all†¦ and it brings women like this to D.C. in droves. Gabrielle was a New York Ivy Leaguer with dreams of being a senator herself one day. She'll make it too, Sexton thought. She was incredible-looking and sharp as a whip. Above all, she understood the rules of the game. Gabrielle Ashe was black, but her tawny coloring was more of a deep cinnamon or mahogany, the kind of comfortable in-between that Sexton knew bleeding heart â€Å"whites† could endorse without feeling like they were giving away the farm. Sexton described Gabrielle to his cronies as Halle Berry's looks with Hillary Clinton's brains and ambition, although sometimes he thought even that was an understatement. Gabrielle had been a tremendous asset to his campaign since he'd promoted her to his personal campaign assistant three months ago. And to top it all off, she was working for free. Her compensation for a sixteen-hour workday was learning the ropes in the trenches with a seasoned politician. Of course, Sexton gloated, I've persuaded her to do a bit more than just work. After promoting Gabrielle, Sexton had invited her to a late night â€Å"orientation session† in his private office. As expected, his young assistant arrived starstruck and eager to please. With a slow-moving patience mastered over decades, Sexton worked his magic†¦ building up Gabrielle's trust, carefully stripping away her inhibitions, exhibiting tantalizing control, and finally seducing her right there in his office. Sexton had little doubt the encounter had been one of the most sexually gratifying experiences of the young woman's life, and yet, in the light of the day, Gabrielle clearly regretted the indiscretion. Embarrassed, she offered to resign. Sexton refused. Gabrielle stayed on, but she made her intentions very clear. The relationship had been strictly business ever since. Gabrielle's pouty lips were still moving. â€Å"†¦ don't want you to be lackadaisical going into this CNN debate this afternoon. We still don't know who the White House is sending as opposition. You'll want to peruse these notes I typed.† She handed him a folder. Sexton took the folder, savoring the scent of her perfume mixed with the plush leather seats. â€Å"You aren't listening,† she said. â€Å"Certainly am.† He grinned. â€Å"Forget about this CNN debate. Worst case scenario, the White House snubs me by sending some low-level campaign intern. Best case scenario, they send a bigwig, and I eat him for lunch.† Gabrielle frowned. â€Å"Fine. I've included a list of the most probable hostile topics in your notes.† â€Å"The usual suspects no doubt.† â€Å"With one new entry. I think you might face some hostile backlash from the gay community for your comments last night on Larry King.† Sexton shrugged, barely listening. â€Å"Right. The same-sex marriage thing.† Gabrielle gave him a disapproving look. â€Å"You did come out against it pretty strongly.† Same-sex marriages, Sexton thought in disgust. If it were up to me, the faggots wouldn't even have the right to vote. â€Å"Okay, I'll turn it down a notch.† â€Å"Good. You've been pushing the envelope a bit on some of these hot topics lately. Don't get cocky. The public can turn in an instant. You're gaining now, and you have momentum. Just ride it out. There's no need to hit the ball out of the park today. Just keep it in play.† â€Å"Any news from the White House?† Gabrielle looked pleasantly baffled. â€Å"Continued silence. It's official; your opponent has become the ‘Invisible Man.'† Sexton could barely believe his good fortune lately. For months, the President had been working hard on the campaign trail. Then suddenly, a week ago, he had locked himself in the Oval Office, and nobody had seen or heard from him since. It was as if the President simply could not face Sexton's groundswell of voter support.

tickle essays

tickle essays The survey was designed to provide an overview of the sectors training needs in the area of Information and Communication Technology, while recognizing that staff in particular roles would have different and perhaps more specialised training demands in this area. Such a detailed training analysis would allow College Staff Development Officers an overview of the training necessary and would allow the two Scottish JISC RSCs, in co-operation with SDAS (the Staff Development Advisory Service), to plan training courses in the short to medium term which would meet the needs of FE staff. It was carried out primarily during the week 25th-29th of June 2001, though the completion time was extended at the request of some of the Colleges and the final date for returns was 31st August. It was designed to be completed entirely online and to take no more than ten The survey, which can be found on the web at rsc-ne-scotland.ac.uk/tna/, had a common format but was designed to sample responses among four distinct staff groupings who were each offered a variant of the standard questionnaire: Technical Networking Personnel The survey was designed to capture a range of yes/no and multiple choice responses,as well as free text observations. All free text answers used in the report are presented unedited, exactly as written. The final return of 13.4% of the target population (based on staffing return data, FTE headcount 1998-9 supplied by SFEFC), while low, does represent a significant proportion of the staff in the sector and will give accurate pointers to the training requirements of Colleges, and of the specific cohorts of staff analysed. However, to some degree the sample will inevitably be self-selecting, reflecting those staff in the Colleges who have access to, skills in and familiarity with online ...

How to Write a Good Marketing Essay

How to Write a Good Marketing Essay How to Write a Good Marketing Essay The Purpose of Marketing Essays Marketing essays can help put a good marketing strategy in place by conveying information about competitive market advantages and financial profits. Marketing essays express thoughts and ideas and persuade people in understanding opinions and viewpoints relating to marketing strategy initiatives. Tips for Writing a Good Marketing Essay Begin with deciding on a relevant topic and thesis. This includes conducting relevant research about the marketing aspects that pertain to your chosen subject. Three important aspects of marketing are: image, the competition, and customer service. It is important to focus on these three marketing aspects when writing a marketing essay. In addition, the following tips will help you with your essay: The Topic – Choose a topic based on a logical framework within your field, such as those researched by past marketing experts like Philip Kotler and Michael Porter. The Framework – The framework of your marketing essay should have a theoretical approach such as with those by marketing experts. It is important to study other companies and products to understand market positioning, using reliable research sources, for a relevant essay. Reliable research sources include those from publications and universities such as JSTOR, EBSCOhost, Harvard, or Cambridge. Next, construct an outline of your essay to use as a blueprint for writing the essay. The Introduction and Thesis Your introduction should outline your main idea and should contain your thesis statement. Here is where you build your argument and a case for your thesis. The Body – This is where your argument is outlined and reasoned. It is a good idea to use previous case study information to help the reader understand your topic, as it pertains to marketing. Approach your argument logically, step-by-step so that the paper flows. Expand on details and use examples. Be sure to use your researched information to set up a good case for your thesis, so that the reader can easily understand your purpose. The body of the essay will also contain your research findings, conclusion, recommendations, and author opinions. These aspects of the essay should wrap up and tie in all of the research, information and viewpoints to answer marketing research questions and expand on whether further research is needed. Editing and Revision – This step is essential to the flow and cohesiveness of your marketing essay, and includes revision. Revision includes ensuring that all relevant information is included in the essay, such as a marketing issue or ideas. Editing entails ensuring the document is free from grammatical, spelling, and language use errors. Writing a marketing essay is not an easy task, but following these tips can certainly help you complete the task and deliver a well-researched, well-written, and informative essay. At you will get professional Marketing essay help from academic experts.

Perpetuation of adolescence in the workplace Essay

Perpetuation of adolescence in the workplace - Essay Example In Nine to Five, the female protagonists certainly cause trouble and disrupt the office, but in a positive way, a way that is driven by a legitimate sense of injustice, and which ends up creating positive results in the office (Resnick and Higgins). There is little resemblance to the aimless, unproductive antics of the overgrown adolescent boys who comprise the rest of our examples. Even in the comparatively staid Dilbert, the random workplace shenanigans fall mostly to Dilbert and Wally, while Tina acts out of a sense of ambition and legitimate grievance. Of course, given Dilbert creator Scott Adams’ ideas about gender, he’s the last place we should look for nonstereotypical gender roles (Adams). This strict gendering is part of a cultural narrative, seen (among other places) on most sitcoms of the past 20 years, wherein men are immature wastrels with crude habits, and women are unfunny, joyless buzzkills. It is worth noting that the second-wave feminist hijinks of Nin e to Five were thirty years ago, and have not been significantly repeated. In this narrative, men must be the pranksters, and women the stern, disapproving â€Å"straight men,† like Margaret Dumont in all the Marx Brothers movies. This gendering arises partly from the cultural perception of â€Å"Peter Pan Syndrome,† so named in the 1983 book of the same name (Kiley). It describes men (and only men) who refuse to â€Å"grow up† and accept what are generally seen as adult roles and responsibilities. The role of women in their lives is to become â€Å"Wendies,† temporary surrogate mothers who enable this lifestyle. As a concept, it’s an old one; the Romans called Bacchus, eternally young god of wine and madness, the puer aeturnus, or â€Å"eternal boy.† (Kiley) Of course, all of this cultural context is really just â€Å"boys will be boys† in greater detail. There are cultural currents and narratives into which the office-adolescent con cept fits, but is that all there is to it? What if the puer aeturnus narrative is just a cover for something deeper? A closer look at some of the preeminent examples of the trope provide some interesting insights, suggesting that the gendering of the trope in narrative is just a cultural gloss on a deeper problem. Given its prevalence, an exhaustive review of examples of this narrative trope would be impossible, but it is worth examining a few in detail. The popular British sitcom The Office opens with a perfect example, as the character of Gareth is outraged to discover that his stapler, about which he is neurotically possessive, has been neatly encased in jelly. This is part of a campaign of similar pranksterism being conducted against him by Tim, the closest thing the show has to a direct protagonist. Other examples include gluing his phone headset down, sending him a series of romantic emails under the guise of an imaginary woman, and locking him in an office. Tim’s behav ior is presented partly as a semi-admirable effort to puncture Gareth’s self-important pretentions, but largely as an outlet for a directionless energy that his job does not channel into anything useful (BBC). The characters in Joshua Ferris’s Then We Came To The End face a similar problem; a job-related ennui that expresses itself in the most non-job-related activities possible. â€Å"Our boredom was ongoing, a collective boredom, and it would never

Employing Strategy in a Competitive Environment Research Paper

Employing Strategy in a Competitive Environment - Research Paper Example These factors include income, education, geographic location, and age. Technological changes, which are arising might or might not support the activities of our business as well. This will be the supreme important trend, which could affect the ability of the company to stay competitive within the market. As the company provides the customers with quality information materials, which will permit them to sell to the end user clients more ably at a lesser charge, the company has to be aware of the datum that fresh technologies are emerging every day (Stigler 2008). The company must ensure that the products are continually updated to meet the clients’ needs. The company has to be aware of these emerging changes, as they occur to continue to anticipating the customers’ needs, and tackle them afore they essentially request it. This is how the company can capitalize on these changes in technology, by ensuring the clients have available information resources at all time to meet their end user consumer needs. The company can achieve this by constantly researching fresh and innovative technologies, as they emerge hence staying ahead of clients' requirements. New entrants to the market can also present a threat to the company. If the company is successful in attaining market share as well as being lucrative, this could draw new comers who may pull clients from the company. The company can combat this through being the low cost spearhead. Moreover, the company must keep on providing quality products, which the company’s clients trust. Establishing such reliability will be a basis in guaranteeing the company’s stand within the market (Wisma, 2012). To address the sustainable mobility’s challenges, while getting on a fresh stage of dynamic development and consolidating its presence within the international marketplace, the company can rely on its fundamental strengths. These strengths include knowhow of the inner operation of the informatio n industry; capacity to afford quality products, virtual firm can be easily be accessed online to generate a competitive benefit within the marketplace. The company can achieve this through effective communication with core clients. Increased sales do not necessarily mean increased returns; therefore, the company needs to evaluate the efficacy of the firm’s communications (Karakaya, 2005). This strategy will provide the company the understanding of the inner operation of the information sector to be cognizant of the clients’ needs. Furthermore, all staff must have some experience about book to fortify the company’s most crucial asset. Through keeping a close watch on changes in technology, the company will be capable of offering relevant products that the end users can benefit from them. Working online will make the company mobile and effortlessly accessed by either the company’s clients or their clienteles. This eases on the travel costs that would other wise be incurred if need for assistance or service arises (Wisma, 2012). Considering that the market share is minimal, I find that the company’s core competitor is the established publishers. The challenge is how the company can obtain and retain customers. The company has to create information materials, which clients can differentiate from those of the competitors’ products owing to their good quality. The company must employ proficient writers and

Compare the management of a public service in the UK to that of one Essay

Compare the management of a public service in the UK to that of one other country of your choice. What does the comparison tell you about the factors that shape public management in each country - Essay Example igned to provide specified benefits, financial risk cover, and improved access to health services with the goal of improving the health outcomes (Baum, 2009). The healthcare programs are not meant to provide coverage for all people of the country and neither are they meant to provide treatment for all ailments. The healthcare policies are decided by three important dimensions. These refer to the people who are covered, the services that are covered along with the extent of costs that are covered. The topic of healthcare is selected since it affects all citizens of a nation. While rich people can afford to take private medical treatment and healthcare, the poor and middle class people, retirees and those with disabilities depend on the social healthcare systems to survive and lead a meaningful life. These are the reasons for selecting the topic. UK and USA are two nations that have a very effective and much debated healthcare system that are advanced and equitable in the application ( Rogers, 1997). Hence, these two nations are selected. Next chapters will examine various issues related to this subject. As a matter of policy, NHS collaborates and works with international organisations such as WHO, UNO, UNICEF and other health and social care agencies. NHS has a sustainable development unit called NHS SDU and this department takes up projects with WHO to develop support packages for WHO European Member States. NHS provides projects help on two components. These are the technical guidance for sustainable health systems and the international route map. As such, NHS does not obtain any funds from international organisations and its activities are guided by the NHS board (NHS SDU, 2012). Hofstedes cultural dimensions provide an indication of the national culture of a nation. It indicates the manner in which citizens of a country would respond to certain situations, the manner in which they react to positions of authority and power and the manner in which they react as a

Effect of Morning Shows in Pakistan

Effect of Morning Shows in Pakistan Impact of Morning Shows on Housewife Abstract: The research is aiming to find the impact of Morning Shows on Housewife. The researcher has found association between viewership and influence of Morning shows on Housewife. The Researcher choose this topic as Morning shows are getting popular in our society and considering the importance of Morning shows and females attachment with the characters of different celebrities. The researcher used survey method to measure the influence and impact of Morning shows on housewives. As survey technique is an effective way to find out people’s behavior. There has been noticed a heavy viewership of Morning Shows and a greater influence over housewife’s. Excessive influence of Morning Shows on Housewife of middle is also seen. Influence in culture, language, relationship and religious practices is seen. Housewife’s watch these Morning Shows and are getting influenced by the artist according to their mental understanding. Housewives are the ones who bring up the society and play a role in nation building. There is an excessive viewership of Morning Shows and greater change on Housewife’s in Pakistani Society Introduction: Television shows is a major element of media. Media has been considered to be a change agent of socialization. Media reflects the society and Society has to depend on media for the fulfillment of its various needs. As major collective sources of information and images, the media perform many functions and server numerous personal needs. Media provide a link to the larger society. Mass media and society relation refers to the knowledge we all have from our own long experine4nces with media which enables us to understand what is going on, how a medium might fit into our daily lives, how its content is intended to be â€Å"study† genres and examples of contents and much more. Tim O’ Sulligvan, Brian Dutton and Philip Rayner write say’s â€Å"Media collectively act to provide their audience with windows on the world or with definitions of social reality†. Implicit in this kind of claim is the idea that the media act as a powerful agencies capable of shaping and directing public and private understandings of the world and awareness of its social, economics, moral, cultural, technological and political affairs. (1) Rational Nowadays Morning Shows are playing a vital role in the society, Theses shows are encouraging women to stick before TV sets ignoring the educative role. Morning Show are playing a prominent role in capitalizing and the ignorance of family values and genuine rights and responsibilities of people on individual and collective level as a family. Everywhere in these shows there are family politics, issues, and victimization stories, often daughter in law is targeted either positively or negatively. Youngsters see people in shows that are beautiful, fancy luxuries life style live in magnificent homes, wear best clothes and live every imaginable life styles in full autonomy and frequency without condemnation for any behaviors. They perceive them in different terms according to their mental level and derive different meanings from those shows. Rational for Selecting Housewife’s The researcher is targeting Lahore City Housewife’s because almost are educated, cohort and have greater viewer ship of Morning shows. On the other hand Husbands are supposed to watch TV at home on weekend or holidays in an irregular manner. Statement of the Problem This study is an attempt to find out the impact of Morning shows on Lahori housewife’s and the influence they are getting in their daily lives and mutual relationships. Research Objectives To find out the effect of Morning Shows on Lahori Housewife’s. To analyze the influence of Morning Show on the life style of Lahori Housewife’s. To investigate whether the Morning shows are affecting the relationships of Lahoris Housewife’s. To study that affect of religious practices shown in the Morning Shows over Islamic religious practices To find out whether the Morning Show are affecting or changing the lahories housewife’s cultural practices or not. Morning Shows are portraying useful message to housewife’s or not. Research Question Research question are considered very important in any scientific study, No research can be conducted unless the research question is chosen and accurately and clearly defined- it deserves some serious consideration. â€Å"A research question is a formally stated question intended to provide indication about something, and it is not limited to investigating relationship between variables.† (wimmer, 1994). This research has been conducted under the light of theses research questions: Are Housewife’s following the same fashion such a makeup and jewelry shows in Morning shows? Is Morning shows affecting the language of Housewife’s? Is it justified to have extra-marital relationship in an unhappy married life? Are family affairs in Morning shows affecting the relationship between family members? Are religious practices shown in their Morning shows our religious practices? Significance The significance of selecting this topic is that females have to play a role of a mother and houses wife. They watch these shows and perceiving them according to their mental levels and then also derive different meanings from those shows. Morning shows are densely watched and the reason of studying this topic is that it has a heave viewership as compared with other shows. Females of Lahore stand at the age of having idealistic thinking or fantasy about the futures. Our family setup is completely different from those shows in the Morning shows. Female watched these Morning shows regularly. They have unconsciously started applying those roles in their homes. Females of Lahore by these show and expect that they will also spend that kind of lifestyle. History of Morning shows Breakfast television (Australia, Ireland, New Zealand and United Kingdom) or morning show (Canada, Indonesia and United States), is a type of infotainment television program, broadcast live in the morning (typically scheduled between 6:00 and 10:00 a.m.). Often hosted by a small team of hosts, morning shows typically target the combined demographic of people getting ready for work and school, and stay-at-home adults and parents. The worlds first breakfast / morning show on national television is Today, which set the tone for the television genre and began broadcasting on January 14, 1952, on the U.S. television network NBC. For the next 60 years, the Today show was number one in the morning ratings for the vast majority of its run and since its start many other stations around the world followed NBCs lead and copied their successful format. Moring Shows History in Pakistan Golden times were those when we have only one channel PTV. People waited desperately for their favorite shows that were broadcasted once in a week. At that time one thing that we had was Standard. Standard content was displayed on TV and yes you can enjoy it with your family, with the course of time PTV introduced its morning transmission that was Pakistan’s first morning show. So, today we will discuss the Morning Shows in Pakistan. Morning shows in Pakistan are aggravating their standards day by day. The basic purpose of this show was information with entertainment and grooming of both kids and their mothers. These shows were intellectual ones and hosted by Mentally Groomed anchors those people knew the ethics and etiquette. Most crucial thing is that they knew that they are broadcasting their selves on a national television. Literature Review Literature Review is considered as one of the most important step in any research process as it helps to extract the main points, issues, findings and research methods of previous studies. Literature review serves as a springboard for any research. It is a systematic research and analysis of published information that accredited scholars and research have written on a topic. It is organized according to the research objective, thesis or the problem/issue that a researcher wishes to address. The purposed of literature review is to know what type of research has been done in the area and what has been found in previous studies. According to Wimmer and Dominick (1994), it not only allows to learn from (and eventually add to) pervious research but also saves time, effort and money. The review of relevant literature in a study accomplishes several purposes: It helps the researchers to have a better understanding of his/her own study by identifying what knowledge and ideas have been established on the topic. It grants you the knowledge in your area of focus and reduces the chances of the duplication of ideas. It helps to indicate the direction of your research scope to maximize the reward of your research efforts. It helps to indicate the direction of your research scope to maximize the reward of your research efforts. It shares with the readers, the result of other studies that are closely related to the study being reported and provides a framework for comparing the results of a study with other findings. It also provides an opportunity to the researcher to rephrase the problem into analytical and operational term clearly, sharply and free from ambiguities. The researcher has reviewed the studies related to Television for this chapter. In order to capture the audience our morning shows have evolved into something more like a drama or a game show. Popular TV drama actress come, are hosting a morning show! The hosts are jumping around and the stage is full of celebrities and at times we do not hear what any of them is saying except that Research have found someone sitting and talking. One show had a girl in a box with lots of snakes being injected in the box and the girl dared to sing and she kept of singing not my idea of a good morning! Researcher read article online Mustansar Hussain Tarar and Qurat ul ain Haider days on PTV when words had meanings and wisdom, when conversation used to take place between people with etiquettes, when we used to learn from the anchors and when morning show reflected our culture and values and we used to respect them! The morning shows era which followed the PTV days with Marina Khan, Nadia Khan and Farah Hussain was still better. They talked about health, children issues, mental health, cooking, exercise and a lot more but still informative. Now it seems like these shows are from some other country, hosts ( girls) do not wear dopattas (they NEVER do) and men look like they also come out of a beauty parlour. Even when they are talking about various social issues we do not seem to relate with them. Researcher does not mean to say that we should have stayed in 80†²s and 90†²s but we could have matured and nourished our morning show into something more engaging without making it so commercial like a fake product with hosts wrapped in expensive clothes, loaded with makeup in this heat, wedding parties and mango parties when a middle class family cannot afford any of the above. Watching morning shows for a week was a disappointment. Saleem, Noshina in 1994 conducted a research on â€Å"cultural Imperialism. A case study of the impact of Dish Antennas on Pakistani society† used survey method concluded that majority watch Dish antenna viewers, because of cultural and linguistic harmony with Indian. Almost all the respondents are of the view that Hindi and English words have started penetrating in their spoken languages. Majority of the women are of the opinion that the dresses, hairstyles, jewelry and the styles of Indian and western models and actresses are attracting their attention. Therefore, new trends and fashion are making way in our society. Butt, Naveeda in 19997 conduct a study on the â€Å"Impact of PTV pop music programs and drams on the student of Punjab University† applied survey method and shows that Pop Music in popular among student of Punjab University due to fashion, dances, songs and pop singers. Male and female are influenced from romantic seenes which are being shown. Yousaf, Ayesha in 1998 carried out a research on â€Å"A Comparative Study of the difference between reading and T.V viewing of Punjab University Students†. She used questionnaire in her research and found that consciously or unconsciously people do absurd language from both type of media. T.V does involve a person’s own choice to a large degree and they read books of their own choice. As far as in depth analysis is concerned, results show that both media can prove to be useful depending upon the viewer and nature of issue. As far as the criticism that books hinder a person’s socializing ability is concerned, results do not support it. It cannot be categorically said that books always make a person reserved. Other factors also need to be considered. The use of this medium is not the one and the only factor involved. Lala Rukh, Nas in 1999 carried out a research on â€Å"Analytical study of PTV drama serial carrying social issue (1995-1998)†. She used content analysis in her research and found that this is not the contribution of PTV but drama writers have played an important role to reflect the social issues of Pakistani society through their creation drama script. Aftab Butt, Saher in 2000 conducted a research on â€Å"An analytical study of the role of PTV dramas in educating the masses about women problems (July 2001-June 2002). She did qualitative analysis of dramas of Pakistan Television, in which she has critically analyzed dramas of Khawateen Time and Prime Time from July 2001 to June 2002 and shows that TV dramas are highlighting the women problems but they are not educating the people nor creating awareness among them the way a drama should do. Viewers more readily see Prime Time transmission of PTV as the time is suitable to all the people. However, it has been observed by the researcher that the topics of PTV dramas lacks diversity and the same subjects appear in every drama. The cable network channels have also diverted the people’s attention away from Pakistan Television PTV. Viewer’s habits and perceptions have changed over the period of time due to their exposure to other channels. Arif, Muhammad 2002 carried out a research on â€Å"Analysis of behavior of college students towards Mass Media† used a survey method and indicator that the students like to watch TV drams, movies and comedy programs. They also like to watch Indian programs as well as Pakistani programs. Shahid, Muhammad, in 2001 conducted a research on â€Å"The role of private productions in changing the contents of T.V dramas† concluded that the role of private productions in drams has played positive and negative aspects and changes. As far as positive role is concerned it is less. There is no doubt that private productions have played a vital role but only those people are successful who has money. It is not compulsory that people who have talent and positive thinking are successful. Private productions have less positive role than negative role. Bukari, Bushra in 2002 conducted a research on â€Å"The Effect of Television programs on youth† shows that youth of the Punjab University has modern views about different issues such as co-education, women liberation and parental authority etc. It is difficult to say whether these modern views are due to television programs or due to some other factor. Tamkeen, Zahra in 2004 conducted a research on â€Å"Nuclearization of family system and role of TV dramas used survey method and concluded that a majority of the people watch television on daily bases in their leisure time. They have an extent to the exposure of Television. The results conclude that majority of the audience watch PTV, Geo and Star plus as their favorite channels and people are more interested watching television drama on these channels. Dramas have greater exposure in this society and majority of the viewers have large media habits of exploring television dramas. N. Ahmed Kiran and T. Haroon Uzma wrote an article on â€Å"Proliferation of TV channels in Pakistan† concluded that the proliferation of private television channels has had a positive impact in three important dimensions. It has led to the creation of a niche for alternative dramas and has broken the rigidity of religious shows; it has played a major role in opening up of the political debate in Pakistan’s electronic media; and it has benefited both the electronic media and advertising industry through revenue generation. There are disparate views on the future impact of television proliferation in the country. At the moment, PTV authorities are not too concerned about competition from the cable television. This optimism is not misplaced. While cable is available in limited regions, PTV is terrestrial with its own transmitters covering a wide area. PTV still has its stronghold and covers a wide-ranging area. For instant, PTV-1, which is also claimed to be the family ch annel, covers 38% of the area catering to 86% of the population. PTV world, that transmits news and current affairs programs, cover 29% of the areas and catering to 75% of the population. Its news channel service covers some 8% of the areas with 40% of the population. From June 2003, PTV has introduced another channel, PTV National that transmits regional programs. Prime TV telecasts PTV drams and documentaries for the peoples, especially Pakistanis living in Europe. Channel-3 aims to provide ‘homely atmosphere to all family viewers’. PTV World beams its programs to viewers in South Asia and the Middle East. Theoretical Framework It is crucial for every social research to be supported by some theory. Theoretical framework can be roughly defined as a select setup within which any research operates. A primary aim of science is to discover explanations for observed phenomena. To explain communication, the researcher must move from description to a theoretical analysis, seeking to develop theories that offer satisfactory answers to the question why?† Thus, a research’s aim in the discovery phase is to generate theoretical explanations for observed patterns of human communication (Smit 1998). The research will relate the Use and Gratification, Cultivation Theory and Self Perception Theory with her study. Research Methodology Population Sample and Sampling Techniques Research Design Survey Method Research Instrument Closed-Ended Question Pre-Testing Data Collection Quantification of data Data Preparations Data Processing Delimitations References: Tim O’ Sulligvan, Brian Dutton and Philip Rayner: : Study the Media, London, Amold. 1998, p.19 Roger D. Wimmer, Josheph, R. Dominick (1994) – Mass Media Research: An Introduction (4th Ed) Belmont, California: Wordsworth. www.pemara.gov.pk/ (citied 27th March 2014) www.desironak.com (citied at